Domestic rabbits were bred from the European wild rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus.
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Kingdom: Animalia (Animal)
Phylum: Chordata (Has a spine)
Class: Mammalia (Mammal, produces milk and has fur)
Superorder: Glires
Order: Lagomorpha (rabbit, hare, pika)
Family: Leporidae (rabbit or hare)
Sub-Family: Leporinae
Genus: Oryctolagus
Species: cuniculus

Here is a more detailed taxonomy, relating the domestic rabbit to its relatives. It is skipping straight down to the Superorder, since Mammalia includes all mammals. The italic portions are the portions that apply directly to domestic rabbits.
Superorder: Glires
    Order: Rodentia
    Order: Lagomorpha
        Family: Ochotonidea
        Family: Leporidea (Rabbits, Hares)
            Sub-Family: Palaeolaginae
            Sub-family: Leporinae
                Genus: Lepus (Hares)
                Genus: Macrotolagus (Sometimes called a sub-genus of Lepus)
                Genus: Sylvilagus (American rabbits)
                Genus: Coprolagus (Asiatic rabbits)
                Genus: Nesolagus (Sumatra, one species N. netscheri)
                Genus: Brachylagus (Pygmy rabbits)
                Genus: Oryctolagus (True rabbits)
                    Species: cuniculus